The History and Charm of Gjirokastra
Gjirokastra, known as the “Stone City”, is a historical jewel in southern Albania. Its rich history and well-preserved Ottoman architecture have made it a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The city is famous for its traditional stone houses, whose flat roofs and unique structure seem to emerge naturally from the slopes of the mountains. These houses, some of which date back to the 17th century, are a symbol of the power and wealth of the ancient Albanian families during the Ottoman era.
The old town of Gjirokastra is characterized by its cobbled streets that wind down the hill, creating an atmosphere that transports visitors to past eras. The buildings are not only architectural monuments, but also testimonies of Albanian life and culture over the centuries. The house-museums such as the Zekate House and the Skenduli House stand out, which offer an intimate vision of how the local elite lived in the Ottoman era. These buildings not only impress with their antiquity, but also with their detailed interior decoration, which includes carved wooden roofs and windows with stained glass windows.
Gjirokastra is also home to one of the largest and most well-preserved castles in Albania. Gjirokastra Castle, located at the top of the city, dominates the landscape and offers stunning views of the Drinos valley. This castle has witnessed centuries of history, from its origins in the sixth century to its use as a prison during the communist era. Today, it houses a museum and is the scene of the famous National Folklore Festival, which is held every five years and highlights the traditional music and dances of Albania.
Under the castle is another fascinating attraction: an underground bunker dating back to the communist era. This bunker, which extends for more than a kilometer and contains more than 100 rooms, offers visitors an insight into the paranoia of the Enver Hoxha regime during the Cold War. The bunker is a grim reminder of the country’s dark years, when the government built thousands of underground shelters for fear of an invasion.
Top Attractions to Explore in Gjirokastra
One of the most popular attractions of Gjirokastra is, without a doubt, its imposing castle. This historical site, in addition to its military and political importance over the centuries, offers a unique cultural experience. Exploring its tunnels and underground chambers is a fascinating activity for visitors. From the castle, the panoramic views of the surrounding landscape, with its green hills and the river that winds through the valley, are unforgettable. In addition, the museum inside the castle houses artifacts that tell the history of the city and its importance in the defense of the region.
Another must-see is the Ethnographic Museum, located in the old house of the communist dictator Enver Hoxha. Although the original house was destroyed, the museum has been restored to reflect the traditional style of Gjirokastra’s houses, with original furniture, textiles and artifacts that show the daily life of the Albanians over the centuries. This museum is a perfect place to learn more about local customs and traditions.
For nature lovers, the Blue Eye Fountain (Syri i Kaltër) is a natural wonder that should not be missed. This spring of crystal clear and emerald waters is located a short distance from the city and is a popular place for both swimming and hiking. The tranquility of the place and the beauty of its waters make it a refreshing escape from the hustle and bustle of the city.
The Old Bazaar of Gjirokastra is another place of great interest. This historic market, with its traditional shops and outdoor cafes, is the perfect place to experience the hustle and bustle of everyday life in the city. Here, visitors can find local products, such as handicrafts, textiles and ceramics, in addition to enjoying the Albanian hospitality in one of the many restaurants that serve typical food of the region.
How to get to Gjirokastra from Tirana
Getting to Gjirokastra from Tirana is relatively simple, although the journey can be long due to the mountainous roads. The distance between the two cities is about 230 kilometers and can be covered in about 4 hours by car. The most common route is to take the SH4 road, which crosses beautiful rural landscapes and small Albanian villages. Renting a car is one of the best options for those looking for flexibility and the possibility of making stops at places of interest along the way, such as the city of Fier or the Vjosa National Park.
For those who prefer public transport, there are regular buses that leave from the main station of Tirana to Gjirokastra. The bus trip usually lasts between 4 and 5 hours, depending on traffic and intermediate stops. Buses are an affordable and comfortable option, although less flexible than traveling by private car. There are also options for taxis and private transport services, which offer greater comfort and shorter travel times, but at a higher cost.
Experience the Culture and Gastronomy of Gjirokastra
The visit to Gjirokastra would not be complete without an immersion in its rich culture and delicious gastronomy. Gjirokastra’s cuisine is deeply influenced by Ottoman and Mediterranean traditions, with dishes that reflect local ingredients and culinary techniques passed down from generation to generation.
One of the most emblematic dishes of the region is Pasha Qofte, a creamy meatball soup that is very popular among locals and visitors alike. Another typical dish is Qifqi, rice balls seasoned with herbs and fried, which are served as an appetizer or accompaniment. Restaurants in Gjirokastra, especially in the old town and around the bazaar, offer a wide range of traditional dishes, many of them made with fresh produce from the region.
In addition to food, Gjirokastra is famous for her raki, a strong and homemade liqueur that usually accompanies meals. The local restaurants, many of which are located in restored historic houses, offer an authentic experience, where visitors can taste the local food and drink while enjoying panoramic views of the city and the surrounding mountains.
.Gjirokastra is a city that perfectly combines its rich history with its vibrant culture. More amazing places to visit in Albania in your next trip. From exploring its ancient castles and Ottoman houses to tasting the local cuisine in a traditional atmosphere, this city offers an unforgettable experience for any traveler.